Pontine Raphe Nucleus


Using immunohistochemical analysis to determine the distribution of neurotransmitters in the mesencephalic central gray matter and/or pontine raphe nucleus may help elucidate the relationship between the clinical abnormalities, distribuion of NFT, and 4-HNE deposition in the brain in patients with MyD..  

Other relaxin 3-expressing neurons were scattered in the pontine raphe nucleus, the periaqueductal gray and dorsal area to the substantia nigra in the midbrain reticular formation.  

Lewy bodies were found in many sites characteristic for PD, including the substantia nigra, locus coeruleus, hypothalamus, substantia innominata, pontine raphe nucleus, and dorsal motor vagal nucleus, cingulate and insular cortices.  

Immunohistochemistry indicates that one or both of the receptor subtypes are expressed in the dorsal raphe, the lateral dorsal tegmental (LDT), the pedunculo pontine (PPT), the locus coeruleus (LC), the locus subcoeruleus, pontis oralis, Barrington's, the trigeminal complex (mesencephalic trigeminal and motor nucleus of the trigeminal nerve), the dorsal tegmental nucleus of Gudden (DTG), the ventral cochlear nucleus (VCA), trapezoid nucleus (TZ), pontine raphe nucleus and the pontine reticular formation.  

Only after a survival of 4 days or more, the locus coeruleus, the nucleus raphe magnus, the nucleus paragigantocellularis, pars alpha, and the pontine raphe nucleus were labeled.  

5HT immunoreactivity appeared as a blue reaction product in the cytoplasm and axons of the pontine raphe nucleus.  

The administration of MN into the pontine raphe nucleus (RPn) and also into the more lateral nucleus reticularis tegmenti pontis significantly attenuated ALF rigidity compared with saline-pretreated controls.  

The stimulation of pontine raphe nucleus evoked field potentials in all the cerebellar nuclei in rats.  


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